Placenta
Volume 30 , Pages 19-25 , March 2009

Evolution of Factors Affecting Placental Oxygen Transfer

  • A.M. Carter

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationTel.: +45 6550 3716; fax: +45 6613 3479.

,Accepted 10 November 2008.

References 

  1. Jauniaux E, Gulbis B, Burton GJ. The human first trimester gestational sac limits rather than facilitates oxygen transfer to the foetus – a review. Placenta. 2003;24(Suppl. A):S86–S93
  2. Weber RE, Fago A. Functional adaptation and its molecular basis in vertebrate hemoglobins, neuroglobins and cytoglobins. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2004;144:141–159
  3. Wells RM. Evolution of haemoglobin function: molecular adaptations to environment. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1999;26:591–595
  4. Martin RD, McLarnon AM. Gestation period, neonatal size and maternal investment in placental mammals. Nature. 1985;313:220–223
  5. Portmann A. Die Tragzeiten der Primaten und die Dauer der Schwangerschaft beim Menschen: Ein Problem der Vergleichende Biologie. Rev Zool. 1941;48:511–518
  6. Metcalfe J, Bartels H, Moll W. Gas exchange in the pregnant uterus. Physiol Rev. 1967;47:782–838
  7. Longo LD. Respiratory gas exchange in the placenta. In:  Farhi LE,  Tenney SM editor. Handbook of physiology, section 3, the respiratory system, vol. 4, gas exchange. Bethesda: American Physiological Society; 1987;p. 351–401
  8. Carter AM. Factors affecting gas transfer across the placenta and the oxygen supply to the fetus. J Dev Physiol. 1989;12:305–322
  9. Carter AM. Placental oxygen transfer and the oxygen supply to the fetus. Fetal Matern Med Rev. 1999;11:151–161
  10. Wilkening RB, Meschia G. Current topic: comparative physiology of placental oxygen transport. Placenta. 1992;13:1–15
  11. Chamberlain G, Broughton Pipkin F. Clinical physiology in obstetrics. 3rd ed.. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998;
  12. Carter AM. Placental oxygen consumption. Part I: in vivo studies—a review. Placenta. 2000;21(Suppl. A):S31–S37
  13. Wilkening RB, Meschia G. Fetal oxygen uptake, oxygenation and acid-base balance as a function of uterine blood flow. Am J Physiol. 1983;244:H749–H755
  14. Bonds DR, Crosby LO, Cheek TG, Hägerdal M, Gutsche BB, Gabbe G. Estimation of human fetal-placental unit metabolic rate by application of the Bohr principle. J Dev Physiol. 1986;8:49–54
  15. Acharya G, Sitras V. Oxygen uptake of the human fetus at term. Acta Obstet Gynec Scand 2008 Nov 8:1–6 [Epub ahead of print].
  16. Bell AW, Kennaugh JM, Battaglia FC, Makowski EL, Meschia G. Metabolic and circulatory studies of fetal lamb at midgestation. Am J Physiol. 1986;250:E538–E544
  17. Bartels H. Prenatal respiration. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company; 1970;
  18. Dickinson H, Walker DW, Wintour EM, Moritz K. Maternal dexamethasone treatment at midgestation reduces nephron number and alters renal gene expression in the fetal spiny mouse. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007;292:R453–R461
  19. Behrman RE, Heller CJ, Battaglia FC, Hellegers AE. A comparison of the oxygen affinity of maternal and fetal blood of the Macaca mulatta. Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci. 1963;48:258–264
  20. Aguileta G, Bielawski JP, Yang Z. Proposed standard nomenclature for the alpha- and beta-globin gene families. Genes Genet Syst. 2006;81:367–371
  21. Warren WC, Hillier LW, Marshall Graves JA, Birney E, Ponting CP, Grützner F, et al. Genome analysis of the platypus reveals unique signatures of evolution. Nature. 2008;453:175–183
  22. Opazo JC, Hoffmann FG, Storz JF. Genomic evidence for independent origins of beta-like globin genes in monotremes and therian mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:1590–1595
  23. Opazo JC, Hoffmann FG, Storz JF. Differential loss of embryonic globin genes during the radiation of placental mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:12950–12955
  24. Johnson RM, Prychitko T, Gumucio D, Wildman DE, Uddin M, Goodman M. Phylogenetic comparisons suggest that distance from the locus control region guides developmental expression of primate beta-type globin genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:3186–3191
  25. Prychitko T, Johnson RM, Wildman DE, Gumucio D, Goodman M. The phylogenetic history of New World monkey beta globin reveals a platyrrhine beta to delta gene conversion in the atelid ancestry. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2005;35:225–234
  26. Meldon JH. Blood-gas equilibria, kinetics and transport. Chem Eng Sci. 1987;42:199–211
  27. Bauer C, Ludwig M, Ludwig I, Bartels H. Factors governing the oxygen affinity of human adult and foetal blood. Respir Physiol. 1969;7:271–277
  28. Murphy WJ, Eizirik E, O'Brien SJ, Madsen O, Scally M, Douady CJ, et al. Resolution of the early placental mammal radiation using Bayesian phylogenetics. Science. 2001;294:2348–2351
  29. Jelkmann W, Bauer C. Oxygen affinity and phosphate compounds of red blood cells during intrauterine development of rabbits. Pflügers Arch. 1977;372:149–156
  30. Petschow R, Petschow D, Bartels R, Baumann R, Bartels H. Regulation of oxygen affinity in blood of fetal, newborn and adult mouse. Respir Physiol. 1978;35:271–282
  31. Jelkmann W, Bauer C. 2,3-DPG levels in relation to red cell enzyme activities in rat fetuses and hypoxic newborns. Pflügers Arch. 1980;389:61–68
  32. Franzke R, Jelkmann W. Characterization of the pyruvate kinase which induces the low 2,3-DPG level of fetal rabbit red cells. Pflügers Arch. 1982;394:21–25
  33. Lingrel JB, Townes TM, Shapiro SG, Wernke SM, Liberator PA, Menon AG. Structural organization of the alpha and beta globin loci of the goat. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1985;191:67–79
  34. Sarkar M, Pal RN, Das DN, Mondal DB, Mohanty TK, Pattaniak S. Postnatal persistence of foetal haemoglobin in yaks. Aust Vet J. 1999;77:190
  35. Bichet S, Wenger RH, Camenisch G, Rolfs A, Ehleben W, Porwol T, et al. Oxygen tension modulates beta-globin switching in embryoid bodies. FASEB J. 1999;13:285–295
  36. Bunn HF. Differences in the interaction of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate with certain mammalian hemoglobins. Science. 1971;172:1049–1050
  37. Clementi ME, Scatena R, Mordente A, Condo SG, Castagnola M, Giardina B. Oxygen transport by fetal bovine hemoglobin. J Mol Biol. 1996;12:229–234
  38. Baumann R, Teischel F, Zoch R, Bartels H. Changes in red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration as cause of the postnatal decrease of pig blood oxygen affinity. Respir Physiol. 1973;19:153–161
  39. Qvist J, Weber RE, Zapol WM. Oxygen equilibrium properties of blood and hemoglobin of fetal and adult Weddell seals. J Appl Physiol. 1981;50:999–1005
  40. Miglino MA, Carter AM, Ambrosio CE, Bonatelli M, De Oliveira MF, Dos Santos Ferraz RH, et al. Vascular organization of the hystricomorph placenta: a comparative study in the agouti, capybara, guinea pig, paca and rock cavy. Placenta. 2004;25:438–448
  41. Silver M, Steven DH, Comline RS. Placental exchange and morphology in ruminants and the mare. In:  Comline RS,  Cross KW,  Dawes GS,  Nathanielsz PW editor. Foetal and neonatal physiology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1973;
  42. Schröder HJ. Comparative aspects of placental exchange functions. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1995;63:81–90
  43. Carter AM, Blankenship TN, Künzle H, Enders AC. Structure of the definitive placenta of the tenrec, Echinops telfairi. Placenta. 2004;25:218–232
  44. Wislocki GB. Remarks on the placentation of a platyrrhine monkey (Atele geoffroyi). Am J Anat. 1926;36:467–487
  45. Starck D. Ontogenie und Entwicklungsphysiologie der Säugetiere. In:  Kükenthal W editors. Handbuch der Zoologie, volume 8, part 22, 9(7). Berlin: Walter Gruyter; 1959;p. 1–276
  46. Martin RD. Colugos: obscure mammals glide into the evolutionary limelight. J Biol. 2008;7:13
  47. Hill JP. The developmental history of the primates. Phil Trans Roy Soc B. 1932;221:45–178
  48. Longo LD, Power GG, Forster RE. Respiratory function of the placenta as determined with carbon monoxide in sheep and dogs. J Clin Invest. 1967;46:812–828
  49. Longo LD, Ching KS. Placental diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and oxygen in unanesthetized sheep. J Appl Physiol. 1977;43:885–893
  50. Baur R. Morphometry of the placental exchange area. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol. 1977;53:3–65
  51. Klisch K, Mess A. Evolutionary differentiation of Cetartiodactyl placentae in the light of the viviparity-driven conflict hypothesis. Placenta. 2007;28:353–360
  52. Martin RD. Evolution of placentation in primates. Evol Biol. 2008;35:125–145
  53. Carter AM, Enders AC. Comparative aspects of trophoblast development and placentation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2004;2:46
  54. Springer MS, Stanhope MJ, Madsen O, de Jong WW. Molecules consolidate the placental mammal tree. Trends Ecol Evol. 2004;19:430–438
  55. Waddell PJ, Kishino H, Ota R. A phylogenetic foundation for comparative mammalian genomics. Genome Inform. 2001;12:141–154
  56. Kriegs JO, Churakov G, Kiefmann M, Jordan U, Brosius J, Schmitz J. Retroposed elements as archives for the evolutionary history of placental mammals. PLoS Biol. 2006;4:e91
  57. Vogel P. The current molecular phylogeny of Eutherian mammals challenges previous interpretations of placental evolution. Placenta. 2005;26:591–596
  58. Mossman HW. Comparative morphogenesis of the fetal membranes and accessory uterine structures. Contrib Embryol Carnegie Inst. 1937;26:129–246
  59. Martin RD. Human reproduction: a comparative background for medical hypotheses. J Reprod Immunol. 2003;59:111–135
  60. Mess A, Carter AM. Evolutionary transformations of fetal membrane characters in Eutheria with special reference to Afrotheria. J Exp Zoolog (Mol Dev Evol). 2005;306B:140–163
  61. Wildman DE, Chen C, Erez O, Grossman LI, Goodman M, Romero R. Evolution of the mammalian placenta revealed by phylogenetic analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:3203–3208
  62. Mess A, Carter AM. Evolution of the placenta during the early radiation of placental mammals. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2007;148:769–779
  63. Moffett A, Loke C. Immunology of placentation in eutherian mammals. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006;6:584–594
  64. Abd-Elnaeim MM, Pfarrer C, Saber AS, Abou-Elmagd A, Jones CJ, Leiser R. Fetomaternal attachment and anchorage in the early diffuse epitheliochorial placenta of the camel (Camelus dromedarius). Light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopic study. Cells Tissues Organs. 1999;164:141–154
  65. Falkowski PG, Katz ME, Milligan AJ, Fennel K, Cramer BS, Aubry MP, et al. The rise of oxygen over the past 205 million years and the evolution of large placental mammals. Science. 2005;309:2202–2204
  66. Pijnenborg R, Vercruysse L, Hanssens M. The uterine spiral arteries in human pregnancy: facts and controversies. Placenta. 2006;27:939–958
  67. Mess A, Mohr B, Martin T. Evolutionary transformations of hystricognath Rodentia and the climatic change in the Eocene to Late Oligocene time interval. Mitt Mus Natkd Berlin Zool Reihe. 2001;77:193–206
  68. Mossman HW. The principal exchange vessels of the chorioallantoic placenta of mammals. In:  DeHaan RL,  Ursprung H editor. Organogenesis. New York: Holt, Rhinehart and Winston; 1965;p. 771–786
  69. Luckett WP, Mossman HW. Development and phylogenetic significance of the fetal membranes and placenta of the African hystricognathous rodents Bathyergus and Hystrix. Am J Anat. 1981;162:265–285
  70. Haig D. Genetic conflicts in human pregnancy. Q Rev Biol. 1993;68:495–532
  71. Douady CJ, Chatelier PI, Madsen O, de Jong WW, Catzeflis F, Springer MS, et al. Molecular phylogenetic evidence confirming the Eulipotyphla concept and in support of hedgehogs as the sister group to shrews. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2002;25:200–209

PII: S0143-4004(08)00379-2

doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2008.11.006

Placenta
Volume 30 , Pages 19-25 , March 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution